Kartlegging av interaksjoner mellom kolinerg og glutamaterg nevrotransmisjon i hippokampus ved organofosfatforgiftning

The effects of soman on the release of endogenous acetylcholine and excitatory- and inhibitory amino acids from hippocampus have been studied in vitro in slices of the hippocampus from the guinea-pig, and in vivo in the albino rat following intra-hippocampal injections. Furthermore, alterations in the hippocampal EEG and animal behaviour have also been studied in rats after intra-hippocampal soman administration. In vitro perfusion of hippocampal slices with a soman-containing buffer does not provide clear results regarding the neurochemical alterations in neurotransmitter release in the central nervous system during soman intoxication. In vivo microinjection of soman in the hippocampus results in inhibition of the acetylcholinesterase activity and thereby an increase in the levels of acetylcholine in specific regions of the hippocampus. Secondary alterations in the release of glutamate, aspartate, GABA and other amino acid neurotransmitters in the CNS was not observed. In vivo microdialysis and microinjection of organophosphates like soman directly into the brain may be useful in further studies of neurochemical alterations following cholinesterase poisoning.